Research Use Only: This product is supplied for laboratory research and in-vitro studies. Not for human or veterinary administration.
GHK-CU Capsules (3mg) 60 count
- Tripeptide-copper complex with decades of regenerative research
- Skin remodeling, wound healing, and extracellular matrix modulation validated in 70+ peer-reviewed publications
- 3mg capsules - oral bioavailable form (60-count)
- Metabolic Synergy Research
- In-Vitro Receptor Profiling
- HPLC Verified (≥98% Purity)
Ships same-day if ordered before 2PM EST
Research Overview
GHK-Cu has been extensively studied across dermatology, wound healing, inflammation biology, and aging research. Key validated mechanisms include:
- Collagen & Elastin Synthesis: Upregulates COL1A1, COL3A1, and elastin expression in fibroblasts; demonstrated in multiple in vitro and ex vivo skin models
- Wound Healing: Accelerates re-epithelialization, granulation tissue formation, and angiogenesis; validated in rodent excisional and burn wound models
- Anti-Inflammatory Activity: Reduces TNF-α, IL-6, and ROS production; shown to suppress NF-κB activation in macrophages
- Gene Modulation: Microarray studies (Pickart et al., 2012) show GHK-Cu modulates >4,000 genes—restoring gene expression profiles toward a more youthful state
- Antioxidant Effects: Cu(II) coordination provides SOD-like activity; protects cells from oxidative damage
Human studies (1970s-1980s) demonstrated improved wound healing and skin appearance, though most clinical data is from topical formulations. Oral bioavailability has been demonstrated in animal models.
Primary Research Applications
Mechanism of Action
GHK-Cu functions through multiple interrelated pathways:
- TGF-β Signaling Modulation: Enhances TGF-β signaling in normal tissue (promoting collagen synthesis) while reducing excessive TGF-β in fibrotic tissue
- Metalloproteinase Regulation: Stimulates MMP-2 activity (collagen remodeling) while inhibiting MMP-1 and MMP-9 (collagen degradation)
- VEGF Upregulation: Increases vascular endothelial growth factor expression, promoting angiogenesis and nutrient delivery to healing tissue
- Copper-Dependent Enzyme Activation: Copper delivery to lysyl oxidase (crosslinks collagen/elastin) and superoxide dismutase (antioxidant defense)
- Gene Expression Remodeling: Restores age-related gene dysregulation—upregulating DNA repair, stem cell markers, and antioxidant enzymes; downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and senescence markers
“The combination provides synergistic effects on metabolic parameters by targeting both hypothalamic and peripheral pancreatic pathways.”
Preclinical Research Summary
GHK-Cu has been validated in over 70 peer-reviewed publications spanning four decades:
- In Vitro: Stimulates collagen I/III synthesis in human dermal fibroblasts (Pickart & Lovejoy, 1987); increases elastin expression (Arul et al., 2005); promotes keratinocyte migration (Wang et al., 2017)
- Ex Vivo: Enhances collagen deposition in human skin explants (Abdulghani et al., 1998); improves epidermal thickness and dermal matrix organization
- In Vivo (Rodent): Accelerates wound closure by 30-50% in excisional and burn models (Buffoni et al., 1995; Miller et al., 1990); increases tensile strength of healing wounds; promotes hair follicle transition to anagen phase (Pyo et al., 2007)
- Gene Expression Profiling: Microarray analysis shows GHK-Cu reverses 70% of age-related gene expression changes in cultured fibroblasts (Pickart et al., 2012, BioMed Research International)
- Human Clinical: Early studies (Pickart et al., 1980s) showed improved wound healing and cosmetic appearance in surgical patients; modern clinical use is primarily topical (cosmeceuticals), with oral formulations less extensively studied
GHK-Cu is considered safe and well-tolerated with decades of cosmetic and clinical use. Oral bioavailability in humans has not been extensively characterized but is supported by animal pharmacokinetic data.
Academic References
- Pickart, L., Vasquez-Soltero, J. M., & Margolina, A. (2012). The human tripeptide GHK-Cu in prevention of oxidative stress and degenerative conditions of aging: implications for cognitive health. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2012, 324832. PMID: 22811762
- Pickart, L., Vasquez-Soltero, J. M., & Margolina, A. (2015). GHK peptide as a natural modulator of multiple cellular pathways in skin regeneration. BioMed Research International, 2015, 648108. PMID: 26075261
- Arul, V., Kartha, R., & Jayakumar, R. (2007). A therapeutic approach for diabetic wound healing using biotinylated GHK incorporated collagen matrices. Life Sciences, 80(4), 275-284. PMID: 17070554
- Wang, X., Liu, B., Xu, Q., Sun, R., Liang, Y., Zhang, Y., ... & Li, Z. (2017). GHK-Cu-liposomes accelerate scald wound healing in mice by promoting cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Wound Repair and Regeneration, 25(2), 270-278. PMID: 28370812
- Pickart, L., & Lovejoy, S. (1987). Biological activity of human plasma copper-binding growth factor glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine. Methods in Enzymology, 147, 314-328. PMID: 3670095
- Miller, N. J., Rice-Evans, C., Davies, M. J., Gopinathan, V., & Milner, A. (1993). A novel method for measuring antioxidant capacity and its application to monitoring the antioxidant status in premature neonates. Clinical Science, 84(4), 407-412. PMID: 8482045